Revised Waste Framework Directive (EU) 2025/1892

Mandatory extended producer responsibility for textiles across the EU

Collage of waste sorting and a digital product passport for a textile waste stream.

What the revision introduces

Directive (EU) 2025/1892 of 10 September 2025 amends Directive 2008/98/EC on waste and entered into force on 16 October 2025. Its central change for the textile sector is mandatory extended producer responsibility (EPR) for textiles.

Three dates set the schedule: Member States must transpose by 17 June 2027, textile EPR schemes become mandatory by April 2028, and micro-enterprises (under 10 staff and up to EUR 2M turnover) get one additional year — to 17 April 2029.

Four things that change for manufacturers and importers

What textile EPR means

A product fee on what you place on the market

Producers and importers pay a fee on the textiles they place on the market. It finances separate collection, sorting and recycling — costs municipalities carry today.

Eco-modulation of the fee

The fee is not flat. Schemes modulate it by product characteristics such as recyclability, recycled content, durability and repairability, cleaner processes, hazardous chemicals and mixed-fibre composition. A product designed for recycling pays less.

Routes to discharge the obligation

Typically a collective scheme through a licensed compliance organisation, individual fulfilment, or direct payment into a national fund — the available routes are set by each Member State.

Registration duties

Producers and importers, including third-country e-commerce sellers, must register with the national producer register. Selling into a Member State without an established presence does not remove the obligation.

What is settled and what is not

Settled at EU level

The obligation itself, the transposition deadline of 17 June 2027, the April 2028 date for schemes to be mandatory, the micro-enterprise deferral to 17 April 2029, and the principle that fees are eco-modulated.

Set nationally

Fee levels, the exact eco-modulation factors and their weighting, the available discharge routes and the registration mechanics are all national. A producer selling into several Member States will face several schemes, not one.

Why the design decisions come first

Eco-modulation means the fee is decided by how the product is made, long before it is placed on the market. Material choices, fibre blends and separability set the rate — and they are fixed at design stage, not at the point of payment.

Textile EPR and the Digital Product Passport

Frequently asked questions

Schemes become mandatory by April 2028, and Member States must transpose by 17 June 2027. National fee levels and start dates are set country by country, so the first payment date depends on the markets you sell into.

Under 10 staff and up to EUR 2M turnover gets one additional year — to 17 April 2029. That is a deferral, not an exemption.

That is eco-modulation. Recyclability, recycled content, durability and repairability, cleaner processes, hazardous chemicals and mixed composition drive the rate. Blended fibres and non-separable constructions raise it.

Directly. The eco-modulation factors are the same data the DPP is built to carry: composition, recycled content, repairability, chemicals used. A company already collecting them for the passport holds the evidence for a lower fee. A company that is not pays the highest-case rate, because it cannot demonstrate otherwise.

A business team at a work meeting — a consultation on implementing a DPP.
Centralised DataIntelligent Systems
Centralised DataIntelligent Systems
Schedule a free consultation
Last verified