EU Regulations for the Digital Product Passport
Framework Sector regulations
The Digital Product Passport doesn't arrive on its own — it is part of a broader wave of European sustainability and transparency regulations. If you need the basics first, start with what a digital product passport is. Below are the key regulations that introduce or affect the DPP, each with its own page:
Key regulations
- ESPR — the Ecodesign for Sustainable Products framework
- EU Battery Regulation 2023/1542
- PPWR — Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation
- CRMA — Critical Raw Materials Act
- CBAM — Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism
- CPR — Construction Products Regulation
- Toy Safety Regulation
- Detergents Regulation
- Right to Repair Directive (EU) 2024/1799
- Empowering Consumers Directive (EU) 2024/825
- Waste Framework Directive (EU) 2025/1892 — textile EPR
- EU Circular Economy Act
- European Product Act — market surveillance
When each obligation actually starts
The Commission's indicative timeline gives the adoption date of each delegated act — not the date the obligation applies. After adoption the act still has to be published and enter into force, and the obligation applies no earlier than 18 months after that (ESPR Art. 4(4)). Construction products follow the CPR instead, with dates set separately for each product family. Batteries, toys and detergents are separate cases altogether: their dates come from their own regulations and are final. The table separates the two, because almost every published summary merges them.
Product group
Act adoption (indicative)
Obligation applies
Batteries (EV, LMT, industrial > 2 kWh)
Act adoption (indicative)
Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 — its own regulation, not an ESPR act
Obligation applies
18 February 2027 — hard date
Detergents
Act adoption (indicative)
Regulation (EU) 2026/405, Art. 21
Obligation applies
23 September 2029 — hard date (products compliant with the old Regulation (EC) No 648/2004 may still be placed on the market without a passport until 22 September 2030)
Toys
Act adoption (indicative)
Regulation (EU) 2025/2509, Art. 19 — the passport replaces the EU declaration of conformity
Obligation applies
1 August 2030 — hard date
Iron and steel
Act adoption (indicative)
ESPR — Q4 2026
Obligation applies
late 2028 – 2029 (expected)
Construction products
Act adoption (indicative)
CPR — Q2 2027
Obligation applies
from around 2029, by product family (expected)
Textiles
Act adoption (indicative)
ESPR — Q3–Q4 2027
Obligation applies
around 2029 (expected)
Aluminium
Act adoption (indicative)
ESPR — Q3–Q4 2027
Obligation applies
2029 – 2030 (expected)
Tyres
Act adoption (indicative)
ESPR — Q3–Q4 2027
Obligation applies
2029 – 2030 (expected)
Furniture
Act adoption (indicative)
ESPR — 2028
Obligation applies
around 2030 (expected)
Mattresses and recycled content
Act adoption (indicative)
ESPR — 2029
Obligation applies
not before 2031 (expected)
The platform behind this guide: DigitalProductPassport by WIARA
These regulations converge on the same requirement: one digital record per product, reachable from the product itself.
DigitalProductPassport by WIARA is the cloud platform behind the worked examples on this site, built by WIARA, a software company. You enter the product data once and it publishes the passport page, the QR code and the machine-readable file, in all 24 official EU languages, with model, batch and item level passports and a full change history.
The free plan covers 3 passports in total. What the platform does is set out on the product page, and the plans and their limits are on pricing.
Which act, which date
Reading this page
Only for batteries, toys and detergents. The rest of the table has two columns for a reason: the first is when the Commission is expected to adopt the delegated act, the second is when the obligation actually applies. Between them come publication and entry into force of the act, then at least 18 months (ESPR Art. 4(4)); construction products follow the CPR, with dates set per product family. Almost every published summary merges the two, which is where “textiles in 2027” comes from.
Iron and steel, not textiles. Its delegated act is expected indicatively in Q4 2026, which puts the obligation in late 2028 – 2029. Textiles follow later: an act in the second half of 2027 and compliance around 2029. This ordering is routinely reported backwards, so it is worth checking against the table above before planning around it.
